WOMEN IN STEM: IMPACTS ON CAREER CHOICES

Introduction: Female participation in STEM fields still faces significant challenges. Stereotypes and sociocultural barriers continue to negatively influence girls’ career choices. Aims: This study investigates high school students’ engagement in STEM fields, with an emphasis on female participation. The study analyzes the impact of educational robotics and stimulus and information tools on sparking interest in these fields. Materials and methods: The methodology involved three main stages: a literature review, analysis of studies with the development of questionnaires, and the development of educational materials. The theoretical review was structured around four axes—history and context, the impact of robotics, gender issues, and educational mentoring—and resulted in the selection of 21 scientific articles. Results: Based on this foundation, a questionnaire was developed for three target audiences (high school students, university students, and professionals in the field), seeking to map perceptions, challenges, family support, the presence of stereotypes, and determining factors for entry and retention in these fields. At the same time, an educational booklet was developed for elementary school teachers to support pedagogical practices that stimulate girls’ interest in STEM. The booklet proposes reflective activities and cultural examples that encourage recognition of female trajectories in science, promoting protagonism and deconstructing limiting models. Final considerations: The partial results highlight the importance of intentional educational initiatives from the early school years as a way to mitigate gender inequality. It is concluded that, although relevant initiatives exist, it is essential that they be expanded, validated, and implemented continuously to create more inclusive educational environments and encourage diverse career paths in science and technology. This study contributes to the development of practical strategies to encourage gender equality and strengthen initiatives aimed at the inclusion of women in STEM.

Keywords: Women in science; STEM education; Educational robotics; Gender inequality; High school.